Tuesday, March 31, 2009

April Fool's Day



by Mike DeCapite

April is here. When I got home from work on Friday my room was shadowy and the sky was bright above the alley. I set an ashtray on the windowsill, put my feet up on the desk, and listened to a record I’ve had since I was fifteen. One night Luke and I walked into one of the mall record stores where a harmonica was playing and I looked up as though I were in church. You know how you look up, by reflex? The record——I later found out from the words but I heard it instantly in the music——was about the road. It was about a life lived from place to place, person to person, job to job, but ultimately alone. It was about being honest rather than good. It accepted the nature of time and change, and imagined life as a series of episodes and entanglements which add up to an idea. The harmonica poured its heart out and the music glittered like sunlight on the spokes of a wheel or the surface of a stream. That moment was one of those recognitions of how things are, and are going to be, and the song has been like a church to me ever since.

Springtime always brings me back around to this record, which is about the presence of the past as much as anything else. On Friday as I leaned back against the bookcase, the music opened a window on the past. The past was a room I was looking into, and I was in that room, and it was the same room as the one I call the present. The things of this room are from the past, the same as my reasons for being here, all of which——the books, the trunk, the room, my reasons——are of the present, too. The past exists on the same plane as the present, with its wives and friends who come and go and the difficulties of communication and the permanence of impermanent relations and vice versa. I haven’t spoken to Flo since I left New York. A few weeks ago I had a tough conversation with Kitty, one of those conversations in which you can hear how things are and how they’re going to be. It’s five years since we split up, five years since I moved into this room. There are scenes and utterances which will be with me for the rest of my life. I undermined both marriages by drinking, which is a way of hanging onto a moment that’s already gone. I undermined my second marriage with guilt about the first, which is another way of hanging on. The guilt I’ve gotten past. I couldn’t carry that guy anymore, with all his ideas about things. What’s still standing, what’s hardest to accept, is the minor tragedy that all of us are right. There’s no turning back. There’s no help for it, there’s no one to call about it, there’s nothing much to say about it because it just is. And it’s always now.

When the record was done I swept and straightened the room and stacked some books on the bare floor. Then I went to a party which the warm weather had engendered as naturally as it brought forth the buds, walking quietly through the dusk, inhaling jasmine so sweet it was almost sour, and gardenia, and other things I couldn’t name. I didn’t want to go. I had nothing to say, I didn’t want to talk, or listen to others talk. The sky was emptying out. A bright pink contrail, which looked as permanent as a scar, had disappeared without a trace when I looked again.

At the party, everywhere I turned there were a bottles of liquor and wine and mixers and olive spears and fruit, and everyone was mixing and sipping delicious-looking and civilized martinis in cold metal shakers and Campari-&-sodas with orange slices and bourbons on the rocks, but my momentary temptation to have a drink was an ember easily stamped out, because it’s been a long time already and I have, hopefully, a long way to go.

It frightens me, the awful truth of how sweet life can be...

On Saturday morning I folded up the bed, made a pot of tea, did a little writing. Then I went to the racetrack.

I rode the train to the East Bay and got off at North Berkeley. There I left the station and crossed the road to where a cab driver was standing under a tree. There were three riders in his taxi, waiting for a fourth. I squeezed in and off we went, handing money over the seat——two-fifty each——the usual silent citizen with slicked-back hair in a blue windbreaker who rode up front, a shrunken man in a suit and turban, and a sizeable woman who said that if she won she was going to buy a new pair of shoes. Berkeley’s warmer, a month further into spring. We rode through streets of bungalows and yellow flowers in overgrown lawns, under the freeway to the bay.

At the curb we wished each other luck and went our separate ways. I took a Form, program, and coffee to the grandstand. The morning was spread below me with the Berkeley hills beyond. Sprinklers arced on the infield grass, which was mown in stripes. Slow tractors overturned the dark earth of the track, followed by the water trucks, which cooled it all down.

I had a bad day out there. In my first race I got shut out of a horse that won and paid $50, and then I had two out of three horses in the next five trifectas. Pete showed up and we caught a small trifecta which brought me halfway back. On our way out he wanted to watch them come around again, so we stopped and waited by the rail. I leaned on the fence, watching a bumblebee hovering above its shadow on the dirt. Funny how quiet it is when they come around. All you hear is the horses’ breathing, and now and then a whip...

Today, Sunday, I stood in the back door. Blazing sunlight had chosen a white flower and filled it with light, more light than it could hold, before moving on. Around 3:30 I took my laundry around the corner. The shadows were shot with sunlight, and the cool air carried the sun’s warmth. Everyone on the street looked a little blinded by the light, like they didn’t quite know what to do with themselves and they were waiting for it to die down a little...

It’s taken me five years to see that I live on the prettiest street in San Francisco. The trees won me over, the eloquent double row of elms in both directions...

After many months bare, the trees hang fully leafed now, slaves to life like everyone else.


Download:

"Tangled Up In Blue" mp3
by Bob Dylan, 1975.
Available on Blood on the Tracks

"Simple Twist Of Fate" mp3
by Bob Dylan, 1974.
available on New York Sessions: Blood On The Tracks

"Up To Me" mp3
by Bob Dylan, 1974.
available on Biograph

"Call Letter Blues" mp3
by Bob Dylan, 1974.
available on The Bootleg Series, Vols. 1-3 (Rare & Unreleased) 1961-1991

"You're A Big Girl Now" mp3
by Bob Dylan, 1974.
available on New York Sessions: Blood On The Tracks

"Buckets of Rain" mp3
by Bob Dylan, 1975.
available on Blood on the Tracks

"April Fool's Day" from RUINED FOR LIFE! © 2009 Mike DeCapite; originally published in somewhat different form, by angle magazine in 2004.

Mike DeCapite's long-out-of-print novel Through the Windshield is now available as a Kindle book via Amazon.

Photograph: Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA. 2008
© Ted Barron

Ain't No Party Like A Collector Party

Flood Dream, Ocean City, New Jersey © Arthur Tress
It's Tuesday night and I am still recovering from Joe Baio and Anne Griffin's post AIPAD party last Saturday. Every year Joe and Anne hang a year's worth of the photography they've collected and throw a big party for photographers, gallerists, collectors and friends. The party is a who's who of the photo world and it's always a good time because Joe and Anne are a good time. And their collection is truly jaw-dropping in its breadth and quality. Thanks Joe and Anne! I hope I get invited back next year.

so you know it's got soul


I was really touched by the generosity of the Herranz family on my recent trip to Bologna. One of their acts of generosity was to find me a lovely place to stay, in Theresa's apartment. An apartment filled with all sorts of interesting stuff. All sorts of curiosities. Just the right place for somebody whose imagination is fired up by such things.

I haven't drawn a thing for about a month. This is just a little something to ease me back into it.

I'm also going to use this as Everyday Matters challenge 21. Draw something old, antique or vintage. You can see the rest of my Everyday Matters set HERE.

The Necessity Of Search Engine Optimisation

The majority of businesses now understand that search engine optimisation or SEO is becoming an important part of any online business strategy. Today it is only the most backward thinking companies that have dismissed the benefits of search engine optimisation, or have not even heard of it.

The emphasis of search engine optimisation is to increase web traffic to a website through the search medium. The process involves changing various elements of the website so that it is more visible to search engines and easier to operate for users.

Currently the market is saturated with so called SEO specialists who are simply jumping on a band wagon that started rolling over ten years ago. Hence it is imperative to have a detailed research process before entering into a contract with any SEO company. Ideally a company that can prove its worth, prove the success of it methods and its time in the industry should be found.

It is advisable, before employing a SEO company to gain an understanding of how the search engine process is conducted. Fortunately the internet has thousands of websites dedicated to the subject of website optimisation. While the worth of these websites is somewhat questionable, they do at least give an idea of the sorts of strategies the SEO company should be presenting.

As with the procurement of nearly any service it is important to gain a number of quotes from different companies. All firms will charge different rates for their services and hence looking at the quotes and assessing the value of the service is essential.

Remember that the cheapest company should not always be chosen. Like most things in life a cheaper price does not necessarily mean a good service, in some cases it may be worth paying that little bit extra for a better level of service.

One of the best strategies to help choose an SEO company is to simply type a related term into a search engine. For instance by taking terms such as 'search engine optimisation' and entering this into Google it is possible to see numerous sites that offer SEO service. Understandably, by using one of the sites in the top five listings you are given a form of guarantee that they know what they are doing, after all, if a company cannot rank highly for terms related to their own industry it is doubtful they will be able to help other companies.

It is also worth avoiding companies that promise page one, or even position one rankings. Nobody outside of the Google corporation can guarantee such positions, it is doubtful even Google employees can. Search engine algorithms are extremely complex and it takes real experts to work within these algorithms to improve the rankings of a site. Any company that has the short sightedness to guarantee position one listings is probably not worth using.

It is hoped that this article has given businesses and business owners an idea of how search engine optimisation can help their company to secure more online business and trade. In terms of searching for a company the search engine method is worthwhile but also beneficial can be personal recommendations.

If another company gives you information on a company that helped them improve their online profile and profits it is likely that this reference is trustworthy and could result in further profits for your own company. With the right SEO company increased online revenue and trade is a real and attainable possibility.

About the Author: Internet marketing expert Thomas Pretty studies the key considerations needed when choosing a search engine optimisation company with a proven track record of results.




How to Spring Clean Your Website

Spring is a wonderful time of year but it might not be so wonderful for our online business. The weather is getting nicer and people are spending more time outside, away from their computers. One way to get more people to come to your website is to do some spring cleaning and I don't mean your house! Our websites can get stale and outdated if we do not clean them up periodically.

There are lots of things you can do to freshen up your site and bring new life and new customers to your online business.

1. Add a new section filled with resources, information and maybe even some special deals for your customers. Use relevant keywords to improve your ranking. For example: if you own a home decor business, offer decorating tips and advice. Show people how to decorate on a budget or how to redecorate with things they already own. By providing information and resources along with your products, you are giving people a reason to keep coming back. This is how you build trust with your visitors and get more sales.

2. Remove all dead links, outdated information and products. Nothing is worse than going to a site and finding links that don't work or information and/or products that are no longer useable or helpful. Go through all the links on your site and freshen up the content to offer up to date information!

3. Give your homepage a facelift by adding new graphics, text, etc. Redo your banner and give it some new life. Take out the old graphics and add some fresh new images. Research your keywords and revamp your text with some effective keywords. Write a new introduction to your site detailing all your new additions.

4. If you haven't yet tried blogging, read up on blogging and zap some life into your site. Some free blogging sites are Blogger and WordPress. Blogging is a great way to improve your search engine ranking while expanding your network.

5. Update your product line. Add some fresh new products and offer the old products at clearance prices. Have a Spring Sale and liven up your sales! Keep those customers coming back for more!

6. Add a What's New page so you can let everyone know about all your updates now and in the future. This feature could get more people to return to your site to see What's New?

7. Research the colors used on your site. You may find changing the colors of your site can bring a whole new life to your business.

8. Put a small survey on your site. Ask your visitors what they would like to see and what type of products they are looking for. Getting the information straight from the horse's mouth could do your business a lot of good. Offer your visitors a small gift for answering the questions on the survey.

9. Renew your goals! Make new goals and write out a new business plan. Learn from your experiences, good and bad, and improve your plan for success.

Spring is a time of renewal, revitalization and reenergizing! Our online businesses are no exception!

Author: Terri Seymour





Monday, March 30, 2009

Orange: Recherche pro dans le Moteur

Depuis quelques jours Orange a glissé une innovation intéressante en version beta sur son moteur de recherche (Le Moteur). Si vous tapez "restaurant Rognes" (par exemple), le moteur détecte que votre requête est probablement une recherche de professionnels, et fait apparaître un module de réponse annuaire (basé sur le 118712) en premier résultat (sous la pub).


Bien sûr, vous allez me dire que Google fait la même chose depuis longtemps. C'est vrai. Si vous tapez "hôtel à Paris", vous allez obtenir des réponses locales, avec en plus une carte fort pratique :


Il y a toutefois une différence... et même plusieurs. Ce type de résultats est malheureusement extrêmement bruité, car il est basé sur l'analyse du Web, et non de l'annuaire (même si mon petit doigt me dit que Google y songe depuis quelque temps !). Si vous utilisez le service régulièrement, vous verrez que vous avez une proportion importante de réponses à côté de la plaque (ou pas dans la bonne localité), de numéros de téléphone erronés, etc. De plus, dans bien des cas, Google ne répond simplement pas en recherche de professionnels. C'est le cas par exemple sur "restaurant Rognes", qui retourne une de ces pages de résultats désespérante, complètement phagocytée par les sites SEO :


Si vous avez de la patience, après avoir passé un quart d'heure à vous perdre dans des sites bourrés de pub et à lire des avis bidons, vous trouverez peut-être un restaurant dans cette charmante commune des Bouches-du-Rhône. Mais vous n'aurez aucune certitude qu'on vous les a tous proposés. Pire, partez sur une recherche de plombier, toujours à Rognes, et vous verrez que Google ne vous retourne que de pseudos-annuaires destinés comme toujours à vous faire avaler quelques pubs. C'est la plaie du Web.


Le Moteur d'Orange, quant à lui, vous propose sagement les données de l'annuaire officiel, qui par définition ne sont pas bruitées, et c'est, je pense, du temps gagné !


Alors, bien sûr, vous allez me dire qu'il y a aussi PagesJaunes.fr. Et vous avez raison. Pages Jaunes est de loin le numéro 1 de la recherche de professionnels en France, et pour l'instant la qualité du service est inégalée. Il faut dire qu'il y a quelques années de recherches supplémentaires (décennies, devrais-je dire, depuis le temps du Minitel !) par rapport aux concurrents, donc c'est normal. Cherchez par exemple "chauffe eau Rognes". PagesJaunes.fr "comprend" votre requête et vous propose toutes les activités en rapport :


Sur ce cas précis, après une bonne tartine de pubs, Orange nous renvoie... les randonnées pédestres en Savoie. Aiuto !


Mais ça c'est une autre histoire, c'est le moteur Web, qui demande encore quelques réglages, les gens d'Orange le savent et y travaillent.

Quoi qu'il en soit, mon but n'est pas de dresser un palmarès. Chaque service a ses avantages et inconvénients. L'intérêt de la recherche locale d'Orange est d'être imbriquée dans le moteur généraliste (sans être aussi bruitée que celle de Google). Cela peut plaire à ceux qui ont le réflexe Web : un seul moteur, on tape, et hop on part selon les cas sur du pro, du Wikipedia ou autres. Il est vrai que c'est pratique : combien de fois suis-je revenu sur Google (j'avoue !) après avoir fait une recherche Pages Jaunes, en copiant-collant le nom d'un professionnel pour trouver ce qu'on en disait sur le Web ?

A mon avis tout cela va bouger très vite et très fort dans les mois et les années qui viennent. Les enjeux de la recherche locale sont énormes, et les progrès à faire sont immenses. Nous sommes visiblement en pleine phase d'expérimentation et de compétition acharnée, et les jours sont comptés pour les pages de résultats SEO pourries de Google. L'internaute est devenu exigeant, et la recherche sur téléphone mobile va changer la donne (qui veut des pages SEO sur son iPhone ?).

Je ne me hasarde que rarement à faire des prédictions, mais là je m'y risque. Je suis convaincu que les trois acteurs que j'ai cités vont s'investir de plus en plus fortement dans le domaine de la recherche locale :
  • Google va essayer d'intégrer des annuaires, pour limiter le bruit et accroître la couverture (cf. "plombier rognes").
  • Pages Jaunes va essayer de s'ouvrir sur le Web. C'est déjà partiellement le cas : les sites des professionnels commencent à apparaître dans les descriptions, et c'est fort utile.
  • 118 712 (Orange) va essayer de s'ouvrir sur une sémantique plus profonde, et associer chauffe-eau et plombier par exemple.
Gageons que dans deux ou trois ans, la recherche locale/professionnelle n'aura probablement plus grand chose à voir avec ce que nous connaissons aujourd'hui.

Sunday, March 29, 2009

Easter Cake Pops, Part Two

The Easter Chick Cake Pops from last week were certainly cute. FYI, the all body ones with feet were hands down the winner. Actually it was a beat down. I almost feel sorry for the other chicks. Thanks everyone for your input. But, even with all their cuteness, I couldn't let Easter pass by without trying my hand at some bunnies. So, here they are…

Easter Bunny Cake Pops

Check out those ears! I found some pastel "Bunny Corn" at The Fresh Market. SCORE! Yes, it really said that on the container. So cute. The name alone practically made me buy them, not to mention, as soon as I saw them, I thought … bunny pops. By the way, I have a new appreciation for candy corn. Growing up, these were always shunned at Halloween. I mean orange and brown candy never really appealed to me. But this year, I actually ate some at Thanksgiving when I made Turkey Cake Pops and was sold. I had always thought… assumed… they were hard candies. But they're not. They're soft little bites of sugar.

Bunny Corn

They're actually good and taste even better in pretty colors! I can't quit looking at them. They just make me happy!

Bunny Corn

Now, if you were really ambitious, you could make bunnies in coordinating candy corn colors. Blue bunnies, yellow bunnies, pink bunnies and even green ones. Not me. It was enough in pink and white. Those of you that have made pops before know what I mean.

I hope you can find the bunny corn somewhere, but if not, just check out a candy aisle near you and get creative for the bunny ears.

Bunny Cake Pops

I made these with a strawberry cake mix for convenience. Now, I'm not a big strawberry fan, but they were extra YUMMY!

Strawberry Bunny Cake Pops

Here's what I used to decorate:

Pink Candy Melts
White Candy Melts
Jumbo Heart Sprinkles
Pastel Confetti Sprinkles
Pink, Blue & Black edible ink pens
Paper Lollipop Sticks
Styrofoam Block
Paramount Crystals
Pastel Candy Corn
Toothpicks

To decorate:
  • Shape the balls into a bunny head shape.
  • Dip in candy coating color of your choice and let dry.
  • Use the rounded side of a cookie cutter and cut of the end of the candy corn. Dip the end in a little bit of the melted candy coating and adhere it to the top of the bunny head. Hold in place until it sets. If your candy coating isn't too hot, this should just take a few seconds.
  • Let the bunny heads with ears sit in the styrofoam block until all the ears are dry.
  • When dry, use a little bit of melted candy coating to glue the facial features on. Use a toothpick and dab a little of the coating in position for the eyes and nose and adhere the sprinkles.
  • When the eyes and noses are dry, use your pens to draw on the mouth. Then draw on the eye color and pupils.

    (Read the full instructions for making Cake Pops before you begin.)
Note: to get smoother covered pops, make sure your bowl is deep enough to submerge the entire pop. Try to dip it in one dunking motion and remove. If the chocolate is too thick, add some paramount crystals or some shortening to the melted candy coating to thin it out. Remove the pop, holding it in your left hand. tap your left wrist lightly with your right hand and rotate the lollipop stick over your bowl. The excess chocolate should fall off, smoothing out the coating at the same time. Also, make sure the coating surrounds the stick at the base to secure it.

So, there you have it… Easter Bunny Cake Pops. But, we can't have Easter bunnies without Easter eggs. I mean they do go hand in hand, right!

Easter Egg Cake Pops

Stop the cuteness!

Easter Egg Cake Pops

Stop it, I say!

Sprinkles

Don't even look at these sprinkles or you'll be hypnotized. Hurry, close your eyes or the next thing you know, you'll have Easter eggs popping up all over your kitchen.

Easter Egg Cake Pops

I warned you.

Here's what I used to decorate:

Pink Candy Melts
Yellow Candy Melts
White Candy Melts
Pastel Confetti Sprinkles
Sanding Sugars
Light Corn Syrup
Paper Lollipop Sticks
Styrofoam Block
Paramount Crystals
Small Paintbrush
Toothpicks

To decorate:
  • Shape the cake balls into an egg shape.
  • Dip in candy coating color of your choice.
  • Let sit in the styrofoam block until dry.
  • When dry, use a small paint brush to paint on a thin layer of corn syrup in a line around the egg. Do one line at a time. Right after you paint on the syrup, sprinkle on one of the sanding colors until all of the corn syrup is covered. Use a bowl sprinkle over.
  • Repeat with varying designs and colors.
  • You could probably also do this with the melted candy color, but this time I was experimenting and tried the corn syrup.
  • For the confetti sprinkles, either dab a little bit of the candy color with your toothpick and glue on the sprinkle shapes or use a little bit of the corn syrup to act as the glue. The corn syrup will take a little longer to dry.
  • Dry completely.

    (Read the full instructions for making Cake Pops before you begin.)


Easter Egg Cake Pops

Enjoy!

Palestine Children's Festival in Gaza


Gaza's College for the Applied Sciences presents the Palestinian Festival for Childhood and Education April 5-9- the largest annual children's event in Palestine!

We attended the festival a few years ago-when Yousuf was about 2 at the time, and I hope we will be able to make it through Rafah in time for this year's.

Safe AIML Reductions

The ALICE A.I. Foundation is pleased to make available a set of over 20,000 AIML reduction categories that can be used with any bot. These reductions simplify a huge range of natural language inputs. These categories:

Resolve Synonyms: Map inputs "Hello", "Hi there", "Howdy" etc. onto "Hi".

Simplify Inputs: Convert "I am feeling very happy right now" to "I am happy".

Divide and Conquer: Split "Yes my name is Jim" into "Yes" and "My name is Jim".

The Safe AIML Reductions contain only reduction responses and is stripped of all ALICE bot personality content. You can use the Safe AIML Reductions with any AIML chat bot. The Safe AIML Reductions will save a lot of time when you are developing a unique chat bot personality.

The Safe AIML Reductions avoid the dreaded "Too much recursion" error message in AIML by using <srai>'s that eventually terminate. The Safe AIML Reductions are delivered to you in the form of AIML files.

The Safe AIML Reduction set is available for $399 with a commercial license and $249 for non-commercial use by hobbyists, students, youth, seniors or disabled.





Safe AIML Reductions v1.0Commercial License$399






Safe AIML Reductions v1.0 -
Special Offer
Non-commercial use$249






One step could dramatically improve hospital care and patient safety

Information has many ways of falling through the cracks in hospitals and medical practices.

The wrong test may be mistakenly ordered by the doctor. The ward secretary may order the wrong test. The lab may perform the wrong test, or rarely perform it on the wrong person. The result may not be available until after the patient leaves the hospital, and then gets lost in cyberspace; or it reaches the chart after the doctor has dictated the discharge summary and is never seen.

Usually more than one doctor takes care of each patient, but each may not be aware of everything the other has done, or which tests were ordered and are still pending.

A simple fix would be to require that all electronic medical records systems must be linked to the laboratory and radiology departments, and must be able to generate a list of all tests ordered; their results; and those tests whose results are still pending. At the end of a hospitalization, each doctor would have to sign off on the list, to ensure all tests had been considered.

We currently have a hodge-podge of hundreds of proprietary EMR systems that do not communicate with each other throughout the US, and the system I use does not have this capability.

Electronic medical records are a wonderful idea in theory. In practice, they are fraught with difficulties and potentially may be accessed or "hacked" by unauthorized individuals, making a mockery of patient confidentiality. The problem of confidentiality is central to getting a working EMR system in place throughout the nation, through which doctors and patients can communicate; yet it requires cybersecurity resources beyond the financial resources of hospitals and medical practices in the private sector. This is why the development and maintenance of such a system must be federalized.

Saturday, March 28, 2009

in a foreign land

Hey, folkies. Back from my trip. It's late and I'm very very tired. I just wanted to say Hi. I'll wade through all the photos I've taken (lots of photos) and fill you in on all the news over the next couple of days. And, I shall endeavour to reply to all the comments and emails. Thanks for all the encouraging words.

As I, myself, have not got around to any drawing, I thought I'd post this piece of gorgeousness. (I'm talking about the drawing not the model!). It's me, by the way. Me, by the amazingly talented illustrator, and friend of mine, Miguel Herranz.

Safe Reductions and Dangerous ones

In order to help people make their own chat bots, with their own unique personalities, we would like to leverage as much of the ALICE bot as possible. The ALICE bot contains a large number (around 20,000) of symbolic reduction categories that use <srai>. Generally speaking, these reductions should be applicable to all English speaking bots. They take care of such things as associating synonyms, transforming inputs into simpler forms, and splitting inputs into smaller chunks. Fortunately, it is fairly straightforward to extract these from the ALICE brain into a set of distinct reduction categories, and then try to use them with other bots.

A simple and useful application of the reduction categories by themselves is a bot called the Summarizer. The purpose of the Summarizer is to simplify paragraphs and reduce the number of words. The Summarizer works not by reducing the number of sentences, but by applying as many AIML reductions as possible to reduce the number of words in each sentence. The ultimate default category in the Summarizer with <pattern>*</pattern> simply echos back the input. When the Summarizer can find no more reductions, it prints out the result. The following are some examples of the types of simplifications found by the Summarizer:

I AM FEELING VERY TIRED RIGHT NOW --> I AM TIRED
IN FACT HE HAS GONE TO ANOTHER COUNTRY --> HE WENT ABROAD
YOU CAN REST ASSURED WHAT HE SAYS IS ABSOLUTELY CORRECT --> HE IS CORRECT

When we first created the Summarizer bot, the first step was to export the AIML reductions from the ALICE bot. Although the extraction was straighforward, we quickly noticed an unexpected problem. The ALICE bot contais reductions such as

<category>
<pattern>WHO IS * WALLACE</pattern>
<template><srai>WHO IS RICHARD WALLACE</srai></template>
</category>


The author's original intention for this category is clear. There conversation logs contain inputs such as "Who is DrRichard Wallace", "Who is Richrd Wallace" and "Who is Docter Wallace". The botmaster would like to capture all of these inputs to be classified the same as "Who is Richard Wallace". In the context of the ALICE bot, it is far less likely that the input will be "Who is Henry Wallace" or "Who is William Wallace". Given the topics ALICE talks about, an approrpiate startegy for the bot is to guess that the client intended to ask "Who is Richard Wallace?"

Once this category is extracted to the Summarizer bot however, there is a problem. The base category with the pattern WHO IS RICHARD WALLACE no longer exists. Suppose the input is now "Who is Richard Wallace?" AIML will match the input with <pattern>WHO IS * WALLACE</pattern> and then recursively try to match "WHO IS RICHARD WALLACE" again, leading to infinite recursion.

Therefore it became necessary to filter out these "dangerous" AIML reductions. How can we identify reductions that might lead to infinite loops? Technically it is mathematically impossible to prove that a reduction will lead to an inifinite loop (otherwise we would have solved the unsolvable Halting Problem). What we can do however is identify a set of reductions that are "safe", i.e. guaranteed to eventually produce an output by applying only a finite number of reductions.

A "safe" reduction is one that takes an input, and then calls <srai> with a shorter input, that is, it reduces the number of words. If every reduction reduces the number of words by at least one, then eventually the number of words has to reach one or zero, and the program will terminate. For example these reductions are safe:

<category>
<pattern>I AM REALLY *</pattern>
<template><srai>I AM <star/></srai></template>
</category>

<category>
<pattern>DO YOU KNOW WHAT * IS</pattern>
<template><srai>WHAT IS <star/></srai></template>
</category>

<category>
<pattern>YES *</pattern>
<template><srai>YES</srai> <srai><star/></srai></template>
</category>

The last example is considered safe because the divide and conqer splits the input into two parts, one of length one, and another with one fewer words than the original input.

Some reductions not considered safe are:

<category>
<pattern>WANT TO *</pattern>
<template><srai>DO YOU WANT TO <star/></srai></template>
</category>

<category>
<pattern>I LOVE *</pattern>
<template><srai>I LIKE <star/></srai></template>
<category>

<category>
<pattern>CAN YOU SPEAK *</pattern>
<template><srai>WHAT LANGUAGES DO YOU SPEAK</srai></template>
</category>

Again, it is not necessarily true that these categories will lead to infinite recursion. But the safe set is guaranteed to terminate, so we are better off using them in our general purpose AIML reduction library.

English Contractions and Expansions

I have searched for a list like this online, but have never been able to find one. So I thought I better publish my own list. These are all the common contractions of the English language, along with their expanded forms. AIML chat bots expand all contractions using a list like this, as a pre-processing step. Perhaps they may be of use to someone else besides us botmasters.

("AREN'T" "ARE NOT")
("CAN'T" "CAN NOT")
("CANNOT" "CAN NOT")
("COULD'VE" "COULD HAVE")
("COULDN'T" "COULD NOT")
("DIDN'T" "DID NOT")
("DOESN'T" "DOES NOT")
("DON'T" "DO NOT")
("EVERYTHING'S" "EVERYTHING IS")
("HADN'T" "HAD NOT")
("HASN'T" "HAS NOT")
("HAVEN'T" "HAVE NOT")
("HE S" "HE IS")
("HE'D" ("HE HAD" "HE WOULD"))
("HE'LL" "HE WILL")
("HE'S" "HE IS")
("HOW'D" ("HOW HAD" "HOW WOULD"))
("HOW'S" "HOW IS")
("I'D" ("I HAD" "I WOULD"))
("I'LL" "I WILL")
("I'M" "I AM")
("I'VE" "I HAVE")
("ISN'T" "IS NOT")
("IT S" "IT IS")
("IT'D" ("IT HAD" "IT WOULD"))
("IT'LL" "IT WILL")
("IT'S" "IT IS")
("LET S" "LET US")
("LET'S" "LET US")
("MIGHT'VE" "MIGHT HAVE")
("SHE'LL" "SHE WILL")
("SHE'S" "SHE IS")
("SHOULD'VE" "SHOULD HAVE")
("SHOULDN'T" "SHOULD NOT")
("THAT S" "THAT IS")
("THAT'D" ("THAT HAD" "THAT DID"))
("THAT'LL" "THAT WILL")
("THAT'S" "THAT IS")
("THERE S" "THERE IS")
("THERE'LL" "THERE WILL")
("THERE'S" "THERE IS")
("THERE'S" "THERE IS")
("THEY'D" ("THEY HAD" "THEY WOULD"))
("THEY'LL" "THEY WILL")
("THEY'RE" "THEY ARE")
("THEY'VE" "THEY HAVE")
("THEY'VE" "THEY HAVE")
("THIS'LL" "THIS WILL")
("WASN'T" "WAS NOT")
("WE'D" ("WE HAD" "WE WOULD"))
("WE'LL" "WE WILL")
("WE'RE" "WE ARE")
("WE'VE" "WE HAVE")
("WEREN'T" "WERE NOT")
("WHAT'D" ("WHAT HAD" "WHAT DID"))
("WHAT'LL" "WHAT WILL")
("WHAT'S" "WHAT IS")
("WHERE S" "WHERE IS")
("WHERE'S" "WHERE IS")
("WHO'S" "WHO IS")
("WHO'S" "WHO IS")
("WHY'S" "WHY IS")
("WON'T" "WILL NOT")
("WOULD'VE" "WOULD HAVE")
("WOULDN'T" "WOULD NOT")
("YOU'D" "YOU HAD YOU WOULD")
("YOU'LL" "YOU WILL")
("YOU'RE" "YOU ARE")
("YOU'VE" "YOU HAVE")
("'TIS" "IT IS")
("'EM" "THEM")


There is No Lack of Business Model Innovation Ideas

Currently I am working our upcoming book "Business Model Generation" on a section about ideation: the art of generating innovative business model ideas.

While working on this section I realized that ideas were not necessarily the problem. They exist in abundance within a company or an industry. I've experienced this with multiple organizations. The issue is selecting the right ideas, turning them into something implementable and then actually DOING them.

Regarding the first issue, selection, the biggest problem is that today's organizational and management structures don't allow good business model ideas to become visible. Interesting business model ideas can come from anywhere in a company. Operations, client services, finance... Yet, they have to be selected by management in order to maybe become real options. More often than not they stay invisible. I'm pretty sure that there were many smart folks in record companies that had good busines model innvation ideas. However, the management of these companies preferred to stick to the status quo... and ultimately become disrupted by illegal downloads and challenged by iTunes.

A solution to this is to put a multi-disciplinary business model innovation task force together. One that has the sponsorship of top management and the board. The task force should be composed of people from various levels of hierarchy, from different age groups, with diverse levels of experience, from different business units and with mixed expertise. The diversity will help ideas to emerge, to be discussed, improved and then selected for implementation.


The implementation issue is more challenging. It requires the willingness of top management and the board to experiment and allow for bottom-up ideas to emerge. Unfortunately, it also requires taking some risks to play with new ideas in the field. But if you look at the major record companies today, the risk of inaction is even bigger. I would argue for maintaining a portfolio of business models of which some may even cannibalize the existing main business model.

A great example of a business model portfolio can be found within Nestlé's coffee business. While the Swiss multinational became big in coffee with Nescafé it's current growth engine is now Nespresso. Nespresso sells espresso machines and pods to the high-end of the market. What is impressive is that Nestlé is internally challenging its new multi-billion espresso-pod money-making machine. They expanded their business model portfolio in coffee with Dolce Gusto, a Nescafé sub-brand targeting the lower end of the market. Dolce Gusto's business model is quite similar to that of Nespresso with some tweaks. Nespresso sells to the higher end of the market, while Dolce Gusto sells to the lower end. Nespresso doesn't sell pods through third party retail, while Dolce Gusto does. Though they are both targeting different customer segments, Dolcé Gusto is still cannibalizing Nespresso to a certain extent. Respect for Nestlé that they allow for this internal competition!


I Took a Whole Lotta' Time to Get There..

..but the closet is finally in (goddamn') order.
It feels like having bunch of brand new clothes to choose from.

And I got around to reserving that table from the nearest flea market.
Now I think I'll just sit back, relax and have some sparkling wine. ..In my closet.








As you can see it's a fairly small walk-in closet
(about three or four square meters),
but I love it to death.

I can give you a more detailed tour sometime, but there isn't a whole lot to see.
Old dresses and granny-bags, mainly.









P.S.
Laitoin osan kirppispinon tavaroista tuttuun tapaan huuto.netin puolelle, koska ainakin muutama ei-tamperelainen lukija ilmaisi kiinnostuksensa.
Listasin pääosassa bloginkin puolella näkynyttä roinaa, loput löytyvät sitten Radiokirppiksen hämäristä jonkin ajan kuluttua.

  

Bot Training I: Lingustic Targets

The construction of a chat robot has a video game metaphor. The botmaster writes some AIML, then reads the conversation logs with the resulting bot. Spotting places in the dialog where the bot breaks down, the botmaster writes new AIML to improve the broken dialog, and then repeats this cycle again and again. When we find an opportunity to improve the bot's response in the conversation log, we call that a “target”. Thus authoring the chat bot becomes a process of identifying targets and “filling them up” with new AIML content. The more content, the
more AIML categories created the higher you “score” in this video game metaphor.

Pandorabots has taken the game metaphor a step further and automated the process of finding targets. How do we know when the bot gives an incorrect, vague, or imprecise response? In AIML, the answer is simple: whenever the input pattern contains a wildcard (* or _character). If the input pattern contains no wildcards, then thematch was exact, and in most cases, the bot can formulate an exact reply. If there are wildcards, then the bot by definition only recognized part of what the client said.

(The above describes the situation only to a first order approximation. Strictly speaking, we should consider the input <pattern>, <that> and <topic>. Only if all three contain no wild cards is there truly an exact match. If for example the <pattern> is YES and the <that> pattern is thewildcard *, it is a potential target, because we can make a more exact response by taking into account a <that> value. But as happens many times with AIML, it is simpler to explain a principle of the language by thinking about the input <pattern> in isolation and ignoring the details of <that> and <topic> until later. The extension of the principle to <that> and <topic> is a matter of bookkeeping.)

Strictly speaking, a Target consists of two things: an input, and an AIML category that it matches. For example, the input HE IS STRONG together with the category

<category>
<pattern>HE IS *</pattern>
<template>I did not know he is.</template>
</category>

form a Target. Let's call the input the “Target input” and the category the “Target category”. The Target input “He is strong” together with the Target category above give the botmaster to create a
new, more specific category:

<category>
<pattern>HE IS STRONG</pattern>
<template>Does he work out?</template>
</category>

Pandorabots Targeting algorithm scans the conversation logs, re-classifying the inputs into the AIML Graphmaster, and finds matches. When the matches contain a wildcard, the algorithm saves the input and the matched category on a list of matches. As we might expect, there is a Zipf distribution over the Target categories. Usually there is one category, typically the ultimate default category with <pattern>*</pattern& gt;, associated with more Target inputs than any other category. Then there is a second most activated category, and a third, and so on, down to a long tail of Target categories with only one Target input each.

Using the Targeting algorithm, the botmaster can have quite an enjoyable afternoon building his bot by “filling up lingusitic targets” and accumulating category-count points. To use the Targeting algoritm, the botmaster first selects the conversation logs for analysis. Then by choosing the “Find Targets” option, the botmaster generates a list of Target categories, each with a link to the associated Target inputs. The program provides a direct link from the Target inputs to the Pandorabots Training section, so that the botmaster can efficiently move from Targets to writing new categories.

Shutter music

LDN009_ALDN009_B

Ever since we started Keysound Recordings, I’ve strived to make the label art and music part of a whole. So when it came to illustrating Starkey’s “Gutter Music” 12”, the first release on the label not from London, I wanted something that both tied into the track and to Starkey’s home town, Philadelphia.

On the wonder that is Flickr, I found this shot by Richard B Kohn, a US-based photographer and I reached out to him. As Starkey’s “Gutter Music” 12” finally appears in shops, this is the story behind the striking images you see on the vinyl.


Blackdown: Can you tell me a bit about yourself as a photographer, when did you start?

Richard B Kohn: “As a person, I have been one who wanted to observe the world, especially the interaction of people in public settings as opposed let's say to sitting on a beach or exploring the ruins of Manchu Pichu. A natural extension is the photographic medium. At first the image becomes a souvenir, then refinements, technology, brings you to a level of sophistication as your technique matures in parallel to life experience.

I would now define my images as photo journalism concentrating on photo realism. Very few are genre based. My subject matter most often are urban street images, most involving live subjects interacting within their own comfort zone, really, I'm an observer of events. My concentration has been people at the margins of society, so many images reflect everyday situations within this strata.

The introduction of the digital image (over a decade now) significantly exploded the output possible for street photography. As long as I'm able and have the time, resources I will continue to wonder what interesting interaction I will have around the next corner.”



B: Can you tell me a bit about this day's shoot...

RBK: “The two images illustrated on the Starkey 12" were taken in Kensington, Philadelphia , just North of downtown. Since the late 1970's the neighborhood has deteriorated into a working class ghetto when many industrial factories closed, leave unskilled laborers without means of support.

I chose to shoot the abandoned stolen car, 2001, to illustrate the surrounding structures with the usually bonus of the scattered but colorful toys all surrounded by some fresh snow.



I came across the boy, 2007, while observing a Puerto Rican Independence day parade. As an African American, he was just watching on the sidewalk. I was attracted to his self-assured cockiness, clothing, as good subject, the cheap fast food establishment, even the litter gave this image the urban ghetto id.”

B: How did you come to find yourself in this part of Philadelphia?

RBK: “I actually found this part of Philadelphia by accident, when I was trying to drive to the city center on business. I became intrigued by the urban-ism, the overhead rail line, -the El-, the mix of people in the street - white, black, Hispanic - the overall dynamics and access to various characters, said, 'Shoot Me.'

Interestingly the neighborhood with its famous row houses, store front, old factory building's was on an economic comeback recently. The brick building behind the car in my photo now is a loft condo. The new realities of recent events might have slowed this comeback.

If you are interested in seeing Kensington illustrated during it's most depressed time, I recommend Eugene Richards's ‘Cocaine True, Cocaine Blue’.”

B: What did you enjoy and not enjoy about shooting there? What was it like?

RBK: “What do I enjoy, well, life. In most of American, the automobile rules, suburban shopping malls are everywhere. This atmosphere prevents casual interaction. The streets of NYC , a world capital are vibrant, Philly's main streets still have some of that urban edginess, but there is danger as well, drug dealings, shootings, prostitution, robberies...all the urban ills. One of my better shots highlights a well-known gruesome murder that made headlines nationwide a few years ago.”




B: That shot is particularly striking. What have you been focusing on recently?

RBK: “I am lately meeting photographers from the East Coast that image UE or Urban Exploration. Most concentrate on structural ruins of the last century, such as hospitals, power stations, foundries, hospitals. I use these as props when I encounter subjects to shoot. Some fashion photography uses such locations as well.”

“I have had feedback from a number of sources on my images including the NY Times, various UK sources including the Belfast media. I have documented the lives of street children in Moscow. This same group was featured in a prize winning, Oscar nominated short documentary, The Children of Leningradsky, 2004. I just got feedback from video images from my subjects from 2 different Belfast shoots from 5 years ago. I may want to revisit the subject and do a yesterday and today follow-up. Photography does have it's rewards.

· Richard B Kohn has lots more amazing images of Philadelphia on Flickr. He also has images on Picturepush. Starkey’s Gutter Music ft Durrty Goodz is out now on Keysound Recordings.